There are a number of theories about how reflexology works. These are based upon different concepts including:

• Reflex areas
• Nerves
• Energy
• Meridians

Reflexologists believe that specific areas on the feet and ankles correspond to all the glands, organs and parts of the body. Correlation has been observed between numerous medical conditions and various sensations in the feet, so it is possible to map the organs of the body to specific points on the feet. (For example, the big toes represent the head, or the ball of the foot represents the chest area). Therefore, by massaging the feet, all parts of the body can be "treated". Similarly, the same mirroring happens in the hands. So, if it is not possible to treat the feet, then the hands do equally well, in fact, some people prefer hand reflexology.

In general terms, the body's natural state is to continually try to balance and heal itself - this is one of the natural processes by which the human race has survived. The pressures of every-day life cause the human body to respond as if for primitive survival. If the response systems become overloaded, the body can become diseased, and the mind and emotions can be knocked off balance. It is believed that reflexology on the feet, or hands, helps the body to heal itself and bring it close to its own natural point of balance – which is called homeostasis.